The offensive were a major turning point for the soviet red army
The German army made crucial gains, managing to push the red army as far as 25km to Moscow. Hitler however took command of the army and opted to take the southern oils fields of Soviet union and the town of Stalingrad. They were however trapped by winter, encircled by the red army and denied of food and supplies until their surrender.
Answer(s):
1st: <u>Clerics and Kings</u> on the top of the hierarchy, <u>Farmers and Warriors</u> beneath them, <u>Fishermen</u> on the third layer, <u>Weavers and Leatherworkers</u> on the fourth layer and <u>Smiths and Griots</u> at the bottom layer.
2nd: The political systems of African kingdoms <u>shared similarities with European kingdoms</u>. The king, such as <u>Mansa Musa</u> of <u>Mali</u> and <u>Sonni Ali</u> of Songhay, had near absolute power and there was no separation of power. The king and his councilors and advisors carried out <u>executive, legislative, and judicial functions.</u>
3rd: First, the early African kingdoms and empires r<u>elied heavily on trade with other people</u>. Besides the trade in <u>ivory, gold, and other commodities</u> identified earlier, produce from agriculture was also exchanged in the form of <u>cash crops</u>. These trade relations put them at the center of the economy of the east and west.
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The arms race was a part of the cold war so America and Soviet Union were fighting over the type of government.
The plague sprawled from Sarai to Cairo in 1345 though both land and sea. The ports - Alexandria, Genoa, and ports in Sicily and Cyprus were integral in rapidly spreading the diseases in the Mediterranean region where Cairo is found. <span>The plague had its outbreak in 1348. </span>The Black Death traveled to France primarily down the routes like the Rhone valley in 1348. So the years it took it take the Black death to spread from Sarai to Cairo and Paris is 9 years.
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