When large pieces of the Earth's outer layer move slowly by plate tectonics, surface features, such as mountains, earthquakes and volcanoes, are formed
Answer:
Cell-mediated immunity develops through a network of interactions that results in defense against microorganisms that survive within phagocytes or other cells. The response is initiated by the recognition of intracellular microorganism antigen by T cells through the histocompatibility complex. In the CD8 response, only the target cell carrying the class I associated antigen can be lysed or induced to apoptosis. In another mechanism of the cellular response, CD4 + Th1 T cells activate, for example, cytokine-infected macrophages such as IFN. When a pathogen resists the effects of activated macrophages, chronic infection may develop.
The hormonal immunity response leads to the destruction of extracellular microorganisms and prevents or decreases the spread of intracellular cells by neutralizing, opsonizing and activating the complement system.
The phosphorylation of fructose 6-phosphate to fructose-1,6-bisphosphate is the committed step in glycolysis because<u> fructose 1,6-bisphosphate can undergo no other reactions than those of glycolysis.</u>
<h3>
What is phosphorylation?</h3>
- The crucial process of glycolysis involves the breakdown of glucose into two molecules of pyruvate. It involves a number of steps and many enzymes.
- It takes place over the course of ten phases, demonstrating how important and crucial phosphorylation is to the production of the final goods. Step 1 of the preliminary step (first half of glycolysis) and step 6 of the payout phase reactions are started by phosphorylation (second phase of glycolysis).
- Because fructose-6-phosphate cannot cross the cell membrane, it is forced to remain inside the cell. Step 3 involves phosphorylation, when fructose-6-phosphate is changed into fructose-1,6-bisphosphate.
To learn more about phosphorylation with the given link
brainly.com/question/15585148
#SPJ4
Answer:
noun
Explanation:
Tony is a person, place, or thing
