The following scenario does not describe an example of continuity over time.
After ruling over Western Europe for centuries, the Roman Empire collapses
The adjective form is 'helpful' if used positively and 'helpless' if used negatively
•I was thrilled that my cousin was coming to stay with us. (B. joyous)
Definition: joyous is an adjective which describes the state of great happiness.
•My heart broke when I saw the children in the hospital. (D. empathetic)
Definition: empathy is a psychological identification, ability to share and understand the feelings of others.
•You're so silly, you can't wear pajamas to school. (C. Playful)
Definition: playful expression is expressed with the intent of amusement in contrary to express seriously.
•She has no talent; she's a fool if she thinks she'll be cast in the play. (A. cruel)
Definition: cruel is an expression of being unkind or cold hearted towards other’s pain or suffering.