I believe the answer is Participle Phrase.
Before or after? Because if it's before the quote it would be D, a semicolon.
Answer:
3: if your calling a human any one of those animal names you are insulting them. these animal names have a negative connotation when they are compared to human beings. For instance if u call a person a rat, it means they are untrustworthy. A pig a derogatory term for an unclean person.
4: dog goes "bark" rooster goes "kaka doodle doo" bird goes "chirp" frog goes "glump" these sounds are the onomatopoeia. hope this helps!
There is no need of comma in this sentence because there are only 2 objects in this sentence which were separated by and ok....