The recombination frequency of the two gene pairs is 3%.
The number of recombinant offspring(r.o.) / total number of offspring x 100% = recombination frequency(θ):
r.o./total x 100% = θ
30/100 x 100% = 3%
Recombinant offspring are children that have a different allele combination to their parents.
For example, say a mother has a haploid cell with the alleles AB and the father has a haploid cell with the alleles ab. These combine to make a diploid cell with the sequence Aa+Bb.
Formation of Recombinant Offspring :
Recombination can happen in two different ways; independent assortment and crossing over.
- Independent assortment is when the maternal and parental DNA are mixed during meiosis, creating a new gene sequence.
- Crossing over happens during the first stage of meiosis when the two homologous chromosomes are paired and a portion breaks off on the same loci then reconnects to a different end. Crossing over can only happen when there isn't a physical linkage of the parental alleles.
Recombination frequency (θ) is the frequency with which a single chromosomal crossover will take place between two genes during meiosis. A centimorgan (cM) is a unit that describes a recombination frequency of 1%. In this way we can measure the genetic distance between two loci, based upon their recombination frequency. This is a good estimate of the real distance. Double crossovers would turn into no recombination. In this case we cannot tell if crossovers took place. If the loci we're analysing are very close (less than 7 cM) a double crossover is very unlikely. When distances become higher, the likelihood of a double crossover increases. As the likelihood of a double crossover increases we systematically underestimate the genetic distance between two loci.
When two genes are close together on the same chromosome, they do not assort independently and are said to be linked. Whereas genes located on different chromosomes assort independently and have a recombination frequency of 50%, linked genes have a recombination frequency that is less than 50%.
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DNA is the same in every cell in the body. They all read from the same genetic blueprint, whether they are muscle cells, skin cells, or heart cells.
it is Because they use the same set of genes in different ways, and these cells are different. So despite the fact that every one of our cells has the equivalent of 20,000 or so genes, every cell can choose which ones it needs to "turn on" and which ones it needs to keep "turned off. heart cells have unexpected attributes in comparison to skin cells since heart cells express unexpected genes in comparison to skin cells.
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Answer: C. Earths rotation on its axis
Explanation:
A P E X I got it right but could be different for some
Answer:
Carbondioxide and water
Explanation:
Cellular respiration is a metabolic reaction which occurs in the cells of organisms to convert biochemical energy to ATP which is in form energy and then releases it as waste product. The products of cellular respiration are carbon dioxide and water. Carbon dioxide is transported from your mitochondria out of the cell to red blood cells, and back to your lungs to be exhaled.
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