Federalism refers to the supremacy of he powers of state governments
I think the correct answer would be the second option. Associations for many professions began in the late 1800s in order to raise safety standards. The year 1800s is the era where Industrial revolution was at its peak. As industries are born and developing, many problems could arise as well especially problems in safety of the workers. As a response to these problems, professionals feel that there is a need to establish safety standards to be followed by each and every industry. With this realization, professionals begin to form groups depending on their specialization. Then, within this groups, standards are being drafted relating to their field.
Answer:
Realpolitik, politics based on practical objectives rather than on ideals. The word does not mean “real” in the English sense but rather connotes “things”—hence a politics of adaptation to things as they are. Realpolitik thus suggests a pragmatic, no-nonsense view and a disregard for ethical considerations.
Explanation:
The prisoners were ill-treated following the mass killings.
The "First Terror" of the French Revolution was a mass murder of prisoners that took place in Paris in the year 1792. The general public believed that political prisoners were getting ready to rebel in their prisons and join a counterrevolutionary plot. An armed gang attacked a group of prisoners being transported to the Abbaye jail, which set off the actual murders. Over the course of the subsequent four days, the atrocities spread to the other prisons in the city, and the civil authorities were powerless to put an end to them.
More than a thousand criminals were put to death, the bulk following a trial conducted by a hastily gathered "popular tribunal." A major turning point in world history was the French Revolution, which began in 1789 and ended with Napoleon Bonaparte's ascent to power in the late 1790s. During this period, French citizens dramatically altered the political landscape of their nation by overthrowing venerable institutions like the monarchy and the feudal system.
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