Transportation of the two-way river came with the invention of steamboat, or riverboat. In the trans-Appalachian area, river systems were found to be crucial for exporting goods to distant markets.
<u>Explanation</u>:
- The period between the end of the War of 1812 and the Civil War was a time of rapid transportation progress, rapid factory growth, and major new technology development to boost agricultural production.
- Many streams were navigable, leading to larger rivers like Tennessee and Cumberland, which in turn flowed into Ohio, merging with the Mississippi River, flowing past New Orleans port.
- The Mississippi River was a vital means of transporting agricultural goods and their free navigation from Northwest to the East Coast
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<span>Soon after gaining independence from Spain in 1821, Mexico opened its northern coastal region of California to foreign trade. American vessels from the east were soon engaged in lucrative commerce with the Californios, Californians of Spanish or Mexican descent. Offering such necessities as cooking utensils and boots, as well as luxuries such as brandy, the Americans reaped profits of 200 to 300 percent. In exchange, the Californios exported cowhides produced on their vast coastal ranches.</span>
