<span>In a volcano, you can observe a crack on the surface of the earth, from which molten lava comes out. The earth's crust basically breaks, and the high temperature and pressure melts the rocks present deep in the earth, which comes out during a volcanic eruption.</span>
Due to two factors..
The first factor is the placement of Europe in relation to latitude lines.
Up north is bound to be more cold than most places down south near the Mediterranean sea. (Which is closer to the equator)
The second factor is the physical geography of the region. Ranging from mountain ranges like the Alps and the Urals to the flat planes of much of mid Europe. The weather interacts with these regions and determines the climates making up much of the continent. (Only takes a rudimentary understanding of basic earth science and geography to understand that. If you have more questions pertaining to the subject, pm me.)
That would be correct. Regions in between the two tropics are considered tropical regions and experience tropical weather.
I believe its the Ottomans or something like that but I am not 100% sure. Please tell me if you know the right answer.