The "Reconquista" was a series of wars fought or waged by the Christian kingdoms to reclaim the lands taken or ruled by the Muslims. It was part of the Crusades against the Christian kingdoms conquered by the Muslim rulers.
This series of wars lasting more than 500 years was an attempt by European Christians to reclaim their lands that were taken by the Muslim rulers. And in reclaiming the Iberian Peninsula which had been majorly under the control of Muslim rulers, the Christian kingdom of Aragon teamed with another Christian kingdom of Castile. But an important fact to be remembered is that not only do the Christian kingdoms fight the Muslims to reclaim their lands, they also did fight against each other, which also included another Christian kingdom of Portugal.
Colonization of Africa begun well before the early 17th century. The whole of the Mediterranean coast of Africa was colonised by the Romans after the Punic Wars
The cast iron was the central piece of construction material during the late 19th century. This architecture style was a famous style especially in the Industrial Revolution<span> era because cast iron was cheap relative to all other materials and that it is as well strong. </span>