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In Europe leading to the mid-1800s, there were a few changes in political thought.
In the lower classes that were growing with the intensification of the Industrial Revolution, socialism was growing and spreading. Because of violent exploration, in factories many workers were influenced by the political and economic thought that directly talked about their lives and about how their work was not entirely paid for.
In the upper classes and on the rising bourgeoisie a growing political view was the realpolitik: a comprehension of politics that understand humans as driven by their individual interests which must be taken into account when trying to unite many individuals under one demand. This is usually the understanding of politics the most present in the media and on medieval stories like Game of Thrones.
The correct answer here would be Vladimir Lenin, leader of the Bolshevik Revolution that brought communism to power in Russia and established the Soviet Union. Lenin's "New Economic Policy" serves as an example of central planning to bring everything under the central government's control.
Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels were the philosophical founders of communist ideas back in the 19th century.
Josef Stalin was the totalitarian leader that took over the communist leadership in the USSR after Lenin's death.
