Answer:
2 molecules of ATP and 2 molecules of NADH
Explanation:
Glycolysis is the first step of cellular respiration (break down of glucose to extract energy) which occurs in the cytoplasm. Glycolysis is a pathway common to all living organisms- prokaryotes and eukaryotes, as it does not require oxygen to occur.
Glycolysis occurs in two major phases (ten steps) requiring 10 enzymes catalyzing each step; the energy-requiring phase and the energy-requiring phase.
In the energy-requiring phase, the starting molecule (glucose) gets rearranged in a series of chemical reactions, and two phosphate groups gets attached to it producing fructose-1,6-bisphosphate which is unstable, This modified sugar then splits in half due to its instability to form two different but inter-convertible phosphate-bearing three-carbon sugars (Dihydroxyacetonephosphate, DHAP and Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate, G3P). Because the phosphates used in these steps come from 2 ATP molecules, 2 ATP molecules get used up in this phase
All the DHAP molecules get converted to G-3-P in order to enter the next phase.
In the energy-recovering phase, the 3-carbon sugar (G3P) is converted into another three-carbon molecule called pyruvate, through a series of reactions. In these reactions, two ATP and 1 NADH molecules are made. This recovery phase occurs twice (one for each of the two isomeric three-carbon sugars, DHAP and G3P). Hence, a total of 4 ATP and 2 NADH molecules are produced in this phase.
Overall, Glycolysis converts one glucose (six-carbon) molecule to two pyruvate (three-carbon) molecules and a net release of 2 ATP molecules (4 overall - 2 used) and 2 NADH molecules.
They are called natural recyclers because they naturally break down dead and decaying matter. I hope this helps!---
The answer is (D).. Stomata
Q2. The answer is <span>C. Gymnosperms.
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The word 'Gymnosperms'<span> is derived from two greek words: 'gymnos' = naked and 'sperm' = seed. Literally, their seeds are naked, i.e. they </span>do not form inside an additional structure. Their seeds develop on the surface of scales modified to form cones. This group of plants <span>include pine trees, cycads, and cedar trees.
Q3. The answer is </span><span>A. Angiosperms.
Angiosperms or flowering plants are seed-producing plants, just like Gymnosperms. Their seeds</span> form inside additional structures known as fruits. This group is the most diverse group of plants and include nearly 300,000 species. Angiosperms include <span>grasses, roses, maple trees, and many other plants with flowers.
Q4. The answer is </span><span>B. Lichen.
Lichen consists of hyphae (just like other fungi) that surround cells of </span><span>green algae or other photosynthetic organisms. This partnership between fungi and algae is known as mutualistic symbiosis. As in any other mutualistic symbiosis, both partners have benefits: fungi gain nutrients from algae and algae gain protection from fungi.
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Q5. The answer is <span>C. Vertebrate.
Vertebrates are organisms with an</span><span> interior skeleton, or endoskeleton, and a backbone. Unlike vertebrates, invertebrates do not have a backbone or interior skeleton. The basic body plan of vertebrates includes vertebral column and/or notochord, the gastrointestinal tract below the notochord and the spinal cord above the notochord. Vertebrates include fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals.
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Q6. The answer is <span>B. Invertebrate.
Invertebrates are organisms without an internal skeleton and backbone. The main difference between vertebrates and invertebrates is that vertebrates have backbone and internal skeleton and invertebrates lack in those structures. Invertebrates</span> include all animals that are not vertebrates and include about 97% of all animals. Some of them are <span>insects, sea anemones, and worms.
Q7. The answer is </span><span>A. Bilateral Symmetry.
Bilateral symmetry </span><span>is symmetry around a single line. That means that only one plane divides an organism into two matching halves, left and right. Thus, this type of symmetry is also known as left-right symmetry. Word 'bilateral' comes from two Latin words: 'bi-' means 'two' and 'latero' means 'side', literally 'bilateral' = 'two sides'. Human beings are the example of organisms with bilateral symmetry.
Q8. The answer is </span><span>C. Asymmetry
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Asymmetry means without symmetry. The word 'asymmetry' is derived from two Greek words: 'a-' = 'not' and 'symmetros' = symmetry, <span>commensurable. Not all animals are symmetric. There are some species that show asymmetry, such as some sponges and flatfish.
Q9. The answer is </span><span>B. Radial Symmetry.
A symmetry around any point is radial symmetry. The body of radially symmetric organisms can be divided into equal parts about a central point and they have </span>no left or right side of the body. This type of symmetry is characteristic for sea stars, sea cucumbers, sea anemone, jellyfish, corals.
