There are microorganisms that are able to live in extreme environments under adverse conditions of pH, temperature and salinity. These microorganisms are classified as extremophiles. Within the group of extremophiles there are halophilic bacteria, which are those capable of living in extremely saline environments.
One biological factor that all living things are subject to suffer from is osmotic pressure. Halophilic microorganisms have developed mechanisms to adapt to saline environments where osmotic pressure acts with great intensity on individuals. These bacteria change the chemical composition of their membranes and also accumulate osmoprotective compounds in their cytoplasm to compensate for osmotic stress.
RAMIREZ, N; SANDOVAL, AH y SERRANO, JA. Las bacterias halófilas y sus aplicaciones biotecnológicas. Rev. Soc. Ven. Microbiol. [online]. 2004, vol.24, n.1-2 [citado 2019-09-22], pp. 12-23 . Disponible en: <http://ve.scielo.org/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1315-25562004000100004&lng=es&nrm=iso>. ISSN 1315-2556.
Meiosis is a type of cell division that reduces the number of chromosomes in the parent cell by half and produces four gamete cells. This process is required to produce egg and sperm cells for sexual reproduction. During reproduction, when the sperm and egg unit to form single cell for sexual reproduction. During reproduction, when the sperm and egg unit to form a single cell, the number of chromosome is restored in the offspring.
Meiosis begins with a parent cell that is diploid, meaning it has two copies of each chromosome. The parent cell undergoes one round of DNA replication followed by two separate cycles of nuclear division. The process results in four daughter cells that are haploid, which means they contain half the number of chromosomes of the diploid parent cell.
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I believe the answer is a. crossing over
Answer:
C.
Explanation:
Strictly speaking, the only type of reproduction in Paramecium is asexual binary fission in which a fully grown organism divides into two daughter cells. ... Autogamy (self-fertilization) is a similar process that occurs in one organism.