Cómo se denominan las células ideas? ¿En dónde se localizan?

Consider a species of sparrow that originally lived only in Alaska but recently expanded its range through North America, then C

Shtirlitz [24]

Answer:

North America is the one with the highest heterozygosity frequency for most loci, followed by Central America, and finally, South America with the lowest heterozygosity level.

Explanation:

Some different forces or mechanisms might alter H-W equilibrium and lead to evolution, such as mutation, natural selection, migration, and genetic drift.

In the exposed example, we have a species of sparrow that migrates from Alaska to North America. Migration is unidirectional, which means that the movement occurs in only one direction: from Alaska to North America. We should also consider that the first immigrants colonized the area for the first time, meaning that there was not a receiving population of the same species already established. Finally, we need to consider that Alaska´s environmental conditions are very different from North America´s environmental conditions.

When a species arrives at a new place, it needs to adapt. The establishment and dispersion of the species in the new area depend on previous adaptation. So, when the firsts sparrow individuals arrived in North America, they faced new environmental conditions that acted as selective pressures that drove to the occurrence of mutations. A mutation implicates a stable and inheritable change in the genetic material. A mutation introduces changes, new alleles in the population, variability. But mutation rates are very low and have no evolutive direction, so they need another force to increase or decrease the mutant allelic frequencies. Natural selection benefits new advantageous alleles and transmits them to new generations changing their relative frequencies. <em>So, sparrows arrive in North America, mutated, and natural selection favored the beneficial mutations leading to a better adaptation to the environment.</em> This means that the heterozygosity level in this new recent population is very high.

As animals adapt to the new habitat and have better dispersal genes, they get to disperse even more. So they start new migration south, to Central America and South America. Again, they are moving to new regions with new conditions, and to establish they need to suffer new adaptations. But remember that we are talking about a recent event in time. Probably the animals migrating south are just a few. They have not spent enough time yet in the new area, to adapt to the new environment and to include new genes into their population. What is even more, as they are a small new population moving south, they are more vulnerable to genetic drift events. Genetic drift acts on a population decreasing the variability between individuals, hence, decreasing the heterozygosity. <em>This small population suffers low mutation, has not enough time to establish, and is more vulnerable to genetic drift events.</em> The heterozygosity level is probably inferior to North America´s one.

Comparing the three areas, we could say that North America is the one with the highest heterozygosity frequency, followed by Central America, and finally, South America with the lowest level of heterozygosity.

8 0

2 years ago

Some people have one sickle cell gene and one normal gene. They have few defective cells and no symptoms because the sickle cell

VladimirAG [237]

Answer:

Explanation:During fertilization the embryo receives half of its genetic information from both parents. If one parent is a carrier or sickle cell their genes would be Aa little a being the recessive gene. When mixed with the other parents gene who does not have sickle cell their genes would be AA. When you make a pun net square the results would be AA,AA,Aa,and Aa. Therefore the offspring would have a 50% chance of being a carrier of sickle cell but not having the actual disease

7 0

3 years ago

The way living things are organized can be represented on a chart. A portion of the organization chart is shown below: (1 point)

HACTEHA [7]

Answer:

The answer is Cells.

Explanation:

The chart is a basic molecular design of multicellular organisms.
Atoms, molecules, cells, tissues, organs, organ systems are the building blocks of the human body which combine together on the basis of similar function or structure to achieve various body functions.
Atoms form chemical bonds with other atoms and form molecules.
Molecules combine together to form cells.
Cells are the basic functional and structural units of life.
Cells that perform similar functions combine together to form tissues.
Two or more kinds of tissues that perform similar functions combine to form organs.
Organs, in turn, form organ systems such as the respiratory or cardiovascular systems etc.

3 0

3 years ago

Read 2 more answers

1. You feel thirsty so you drink a large glass of water. A short time after

lubasha [3.4K]

Respiratory

:)))))))))6

4 0

3 years ago

Read 2 more answers

Neutron notes

miss Akunina [59]

Answer:

Neutrons are relatively massive particles that are one of the primary constituents of the nucleus. However, neutrons can be produced in a number of ways and can represent a significant source of indirectly ionizing radiation. Generally, neutrons are segregated into several categories on the basis of their energy. Thermal neutrons are those that are in thermal equilibrium with matter and, in special cases, have a Maxwellian distribution of velocities. In this distribution, the most probable velocity at 295 K is 2200 m/sec, corresponding to an energy of 0.025 eV.

Neutrons in the energy range 0.5–10 keV are called intermediate neutrons. These neutrons may also be called resonance or epithermal neutrons. Fast neutrons are those in the energy range 10 keV to 10 MeV. In this energy range, neutrons interact with matter through elastic collisions (i.e., billiard-ball–type collisions). Neutrons with energies >10 MeV are called relativistic neutrons.

Neutrons are uncharged particles, and therefore they do not participate in the electromagnetic interaction and do not produce ionization of the atoms. The interaction of a neutron magnetic moment with matter is very weak and unlikely.

All the main processes of interaction are caused by nuclear forces, as a result of various manifestations of which energetic charged particles appear in the substance. These are charged particles produced by neutrons that transmit their energy to matter, mainly due to ionization.

Unlike charged particles, which practically continuously lose energy in small portions, neutrons experience rare collisions with atoms, in which they can lose either all or a large part of their energy, which is caused by the short-range nature of nuclear forces.

The physical nature of the interaction of neutrons with atoms is fundamentally different from that of gamma quanta, but, formally, they are identical. Both gamma quanta and neutrons are penetrating radiations, whose fluxes are attenuated exponentially. For both types of radiations, it is possible to use the similar parameters—absorption and scattering coefficients.

Let us note that a free neutron is an unstable particle, it experiences a beta decay with a half-life of 614 s. But all the processes of neutrons passing through matter usually end up with the capture of a neutron by some nucleus in the time much shorter than a second. Therefore, analyzing all processes of neutron interaction with matter, the neutron instability can be ignored.

Because neutrons do not have an electric charge, they freely penetrate through the electron shells of atoms and are not repelled by the Coulomb field of the nucleus. Therefore, neutrons are an excellent tool with which you can study the nucleus, solids, biological structures, and create new elements that are absent in the surrounding world and are useful for medicine, industry, agriculture, and science.

Explanation:

5 0

2 years ago

Cómo se denominan las células ideas? ¿En dónde se localizan?​

Cómo se denominan las células ideas? ¿En dónde se localizan?