1. Congress leadership: Nehru and Gandhi underestimated Jinnah, Muslim League, its ambitions and outreach. In the 1920s, Gandhi neglected Jinnah and appealed to Muslims for a common cause, which seemed harmless at that time.In the 1930s, Nehru, assured of the backing of his socialist ideology and the support among the Muslim bases for the same, arrogantly believed that Muslims won't be moved by a party based on faith. It later turned out he was false.In the 1930s, Jinnah was willing to negotiate an agreement with the leadership, but was constantly ignored. This is going over my head. Arrogance and underestimation of someone doesn't go unpunished. However blame is to be equally shared by all the top leaders. In the 1940s, ML with almost a million members had no compulsion to bow out. He had no reason to cut a deal now. He was demanding recklessly. He refused to allow first independence , then partition. I may not comment on the course of history had this been allowed.While Gandhi tried his best possible to stop the painful separation, Nehru wasn't ready to the idea of Jinnah being the first Prime Minister of the independent India till the very end. Patel hoped partition would show Jinnah the fault in his ideas and would seal his fate. Thus the failure of Congress leadership and the rise of Jinnah is interlinked.
2. Jinnah and the Muslim League: He instigated religious passions and fears among the masses since the 30s.He was more concerned with the fact that Muslims and Hindus didn't intermarry or interdine and that Congress didn't have Muslim representatives in the 1946 Provincial Elections. He claimed in his 1940 Muslim League Presidential Address that cultures, literature and way of living and views on life were different of the two communities. The theory of one nation had been carried along too far and that it was nothing but a far fetched dream. I don't think partition gave too much peace either.The provinvcial elections were held on the lines of religion and demand for a new country, rather than on the promises of growth and "independence".Direct Action Day was a call by this great leader. What else do you expect from such a gathering at such a crucial point of time on such a critical issue. If countries could be made by gatherings and processions, I'm going out on the streets to demand the Shubham Kingdom! The violence, retaliation and counter violence led to the inevitable- Partition of two brothers, fighting for petty issues, not ready to listen and even the parents acting as stubborn kids.
During the English Commonwealth period, the Levellers demanded that all citizens should have a voice in the government.
The establishment clause would prevent b. the mayor's office from displaying a cross
<h3>Further explanation</h3>
In United States law, the Establishment Clause of the First Amendment to the United States Constitution is together with that Amendment's Free Exercise Clause to form the constitutional right of freedom of religion. Establishment clause, also called establishment-of-religion clause, is clause in the First Amendment to the U.S. Constitution forbidding Congress from establishing a state religion. It prevents the passage of any law that gives preference to or forces belief in any one religion.
The First Amendment has two provisions concerning religion such as the Establishment Clause and the Free Exercise Clause. The Establishment clause prohibits the government from "establishing" a religion. The meaning is prohibiting state-sponsored churches, such as the Church of England. This clause forbids the government from establishing an official religion, and also prohibits government actions that unduly favor one religion over another.
The establishment clause would prevent
- a. a church from being built in a Jewish area
- b. the mayor's office from displaying a cross
- c. a citizen from placing a religious scene in a business
- d. the president from having a Christmas party at home
<h3>Learn more</h3>
- Learn more about the establishment clause brainly.com/question/1367231
- Learn more about The First Amendment brainly.com/question/2200062
- Learn more about the Constitution brainly.com/question/11317998
<h3>Answer details</h3>
Grade: 9
Subject: history
Chapter: the establishment clause
Keywords: the establishment clause , The First Amendment, the Constitution, religion, United States Courts
Representatives and also the bill sent to the Senate. The Senate could refer the text of the bill to a Senate committee for inquiry (this will happen whereas the bill is within the House). A Senate Committee reviews the bill before it return to the Senate floor for a vote.
Hope it helps!<3
