Your answer would be the printing press
The correct answer to this open question is the following.
Although there are no options attached, we can say the following.
The above description contrast with early mining operations in the American West in that the formerly conditions of the old west were completely different than the "beautiful hills, waving fields of grass, prancing mule deer, a glimmering lake . . ." description by T.H. Watkins.
Indeed, it was the opposite. American settlers that decided to bet on the west and the "gold fever," found difficult conditions and economic hardships. That was not an easy time and required extra work to find the gold.
And let's have in mind that many people that went to the west were people that have been suffering from the difficult conditions in the Plains during the so-called "Dust Bowl" period in which drought and the lack of rain killed animals and affect the production of crops.
The beginning of the 20th century in England was marked by the death of the Queen Victoria in 1901. and thus the end of Victorian era. During this period the population of England almost doubled. The period that followed was seen as mediocre period with great differences between the wealthy and the poor. Unemployment increased. There were large numbers of domestic servants who lived in a self-enclosed social system inside the mansions. Half of population could not read or write. The work conditions in the booming industrial factories were terrible. Working class performed physical labor for minimal wages; lower middle class were head teachers, journalists, shopkeepers; middle class were doctors, lawyers, clerks; upper class did not work and their income came from inherited land and investments.
Propaganda, they inspired more people to join the fight on America's side.
