The second option is the answer
Answer: The 40th parallel north is a circle of latitude that is 40 degrees north of the Earth's equatorial plane. It crosses Europe, the Mediterranean Sea, Asia, the Pacific Ocean, North America, and the Atlantic Ocean.
Explanation:
Many factors, both natural and human, can cause changes in Earth's energy balance, including: Variations in the sun's energy reaching Earth. Changes in the reflectivity of Earth's atmosphere and surface. And Changes in the greenhouse effect, which affects the amount of heat retained by Earth's atmosphere.
Puerto Rico, United States virgin islands.