Based on this passage and what you have learned about the states, the states were unwilling to voluntarily work together in a confederation because each state had its own interests and needs.
Each state was in favor of proceeding their own interests and needs they believed that focusing on their needs would be a much better option in the long run. Unity wasn’t a wide practice during that era too.
Answer:
by supporting scientists and architects.
Explanation:
The Medici gained their fame due to their strong influence in Italian Banking. In 15th century, the Medici was regarded as the largest bank in Europe,
At that time, Italy was under strong influence of the Catholic church. the church tend to see scientists as some sort of heretics that do not believe in the teaching of Gods.
Despite this situation, the Medici believed that the scientists were an integral part of Florence and put on a lot of money to support them in wife variety of research. On top of that, the Medici also became a well known patrons for talented artists and architects. This is how the Medici Renaissance ideas develop in the city of Florence.
Muhammad bin Qasim conquered the Sindh and Indus Valley, which made South Asian societies(e.g Sindhis)into contact with Islam
