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Andrei [34K]

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In 1974, director Tobe Hooper revolutionized horror with his film “inspired by a true story,” THE TEXAS CHAINSAW MASSACRE. Almost immediately after the film's release, rumors began to circulate that there was an actual chainsaw wielding madman living with his deranged family in the town of Poth, Texas.Jul 6, 2016

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3 years ago

10. Country A exports $50 million worth of goods each year and imports $35 million of goods each year.

Natalija [7]

B....................

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3 years ago

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1. What were the economic roles of serfs, nobles, clergy, merchants, monarchs, knights, artisans?

inn [45]

Answer:

Explanation:

1.What were the economic roles of serfs, nobles, clergy, merchants, monarchs, knights, artisans?

Serfs -- they belonged to the lowest social class of the feudal society. They weren't slaves, as they had a property to stay at.

They worked for the noble vassals. In a return, they got a place to stay, in the estate that belonged to the vassal. For that benefit, they worked very hard so they could repay their debt. When it came to power over politics and control of the property, they had none. If a noble vassal decided to sell his property, serfs would be sold, too.

Nobles -- belonged to the highest social class in the feudal system. They got their lands from the monarch, in return, they had to provide certain favors and services for him. Usually services that have something to do with military. This type of class was a hereditary class, and it carried certain financial and other benefits within.

Clergy -- it's a class of religious people. Priests, pastors, bishops, etc.carried this title. They had certain influence when it comes to making decisions on certain topics that were made by the politicians. When it comes to power, they didn't really have it, but they had influence on some spheres.

Merchants -- this title was carried by the people that used to set up businesses in towns and traded different things. Those goods weren't produced by them.

There are two types of merchants:

A wholesale merchant -- his role was to work between a producer and a retail merchant.

They organized the moving of the things that are made, but they don't move them.

A retail merchant -- is a person that sells certain things, to people who will consume them.

For example, a person that owns a place where certain goods are sold, he is a retail merchant.

Knights -- they used to serve for the lord. They were their company in the court and their role was to protect them. They were also armored and they rode on a horse. Not everybody could afford to be a knight as the equipment was very expensive. They also used to watch over the Lord's manor in order to make sure everything is doing well. The payment was in the form of land holdings. When it comes to Lords, they had big amounts of respect and trust towards knights.

Artisans -- people with certain skills and they made things with their own hands. The things they made were either for the everyday use or sometimes even only for the decoration.

Some of the goods they made: liquor, shoes, clothes, household items, tools, jewels etc.

2. What were the serfs, nobles, clergy’s, merchants, monarchs, knights, artisans place in the social hierarchy?

When it comes to social hierarchy, in the Middle Ages, it goes like this:

1. Pope/Church

2. Monarch

3. Nobles

4. Knights/ Vassals

5. Merchants / Craftsmen / Farmers

6. Peasants / Serfs

3. What were some challenges faced by serfs, nobles, clergy, merchants, monarchs, knights and artisans groups?

 4. What were the potential benefits of belonging to serfs, nobles, clergy, merchants, monarchs, knights, artisans groups?

1. Peasants and serfs belong to the lowest social status there were.

They used to work in the fields for many hours, but they also had time to have fun and do certain activities.

2. On a bit better position, there were merchants, farmers and craftsmen.

They were a bit more educated than the serfs and peasants, so they had a better life than them. They used to pass down to their offsprings everything they had learn. The last name they carried usually indicated what skills they had.

3. When it comes to Knights and vassals, they were sometimes members of the clergy. They carried many responsibilities with them and they served to any member that belonged to the clergy. Sometimes they would even maintain the manor where Lords used to lived, and they had to make sure that everything's going well in the manor.

4. Then, we have Nobles. They had a pretty high level of education.

When it comes to their wealth, they wouldn't make it by themselves, but they would inherit it from their ancestors. They used to believe that they had every right to secure their positions because of their families.

5. Then, on the top of the social pyramid, we have Monarchy.

They had the biggest power and authority and if a person wanted to be a part of this social class, they would have to be related by blood to the King.

* When it comes to disadvantages of being an artisan, it was the fact that they had no freedom. They used to be vassals of the person that used to own the part of the land where they worked. They didn't have permission to move from one village to another, without getting the permission from the person that was their Lord. And they would be overtaxed.

7 0

3 years ago

In the tinker v. des moines and hazel v. Kuhlmeier cases, how did the students' form of expression differ? which topics were the

Vesnalui [34]

In Tinker v. Des Moines, the Supreme Court ruled that the wearing of a black armband in protest of the Vietnam War was not a substantial disruption of the school environment and was therefore protected speech.

It is the first major case to determine the speech rights of students.

In Hazelwood v. Kuhlmeier, the Supreme Court placed a limit on the speech rights of students when it ruled that it was permissible for a school to censor the actions of a school newspaper.

This is important as it provides a limit on the speech rights of students.

At issue in both cases are how the speech is disruptive to the school environment and many cases since then have hinged on the importance of the speech (protest in Tinker v. spreading gossip in Hazelwood) and the manner in which the speech is undertaken.

4 0

3 years ago

How did the social and political relationship between American-born (Creoles) and Spanish-born (Peninsulares) groups help to bri

romanna [79]

Answer:

The roots of Independence

The extensive Spanish colonies in North, Central and South America (which included half of South America, present-day Mexico, Florida, islands in the Caribbean and the southwestern United States) declared independence from Spanish rule in the early nineteenth century and by the turn of the twentieth century, the hundreds of years of the Spanish colonial era had come to a close. How did this happen? The Enlightenment ideals of democracy—equality under the law, separation of church and state, individual liberty—encouraged colonial independence movements in the late nineteenth and early twentieth century. The Enlightenment began in eighteenth-century Europe as a philosophical movement that took science, reason, and inquiry as its guiding principles in order to challenge traditions and reform society. The results of these changes in thought are reflected in both the American and French revolutions—where a monarchical form of government (where the King ruled by divine right) was replaced with a Republic empowered by the people. In Spain, the occupation by Napoleon during the Peninsular War (1808-1814) also inspired liberators to fight against foreign invaders. The examples of rebellion in the British Colonies, France, and Spain empowered Latin American revolutionaries who speculated on whether independence was a realistic and viable alternative to colonial rule. The term “Latin America” originated in the nineteenth century, when Argentinean jurist Carlos Calvo and French engineer Michel Chevalier, in reference to the Napoleonic invasion of Mexico in 1862, used the term “Latin,” referring to those whose national language—like Spanish—was derived from Latin, to denote difference from the “Anglo-Saxon” English-speaking people of North America. It was largely the creoles (pure-blooded Spaniards who were born in the Americas) who instigated the fight for liberation. Creoles remained connected to Europe through their ancestry and since they were often educated abroad, these ideas of self-determination held great appeal for them. Peninsulares (people born in Spain, but who resided in the Spanish colonies) on the other hand were more directly tied to Spain in ancestry and allegiance. In 1793, the Colombian creole Antonio Nariño, who would later serve as military general in Colombia’s struggle for independence, printed a translation of the French Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen, demonstrating the bilingual and bicultural aspect of Latin American independence. Translations of speeches made by the founding fathers of the United States, including Thomas Jefferson and John Adams, also circulated in Latin America. Not all creoles however, believed in independence and democracy—in fact, there existed an opposition of creole royalists who supported the Spanish Crown and allied themselves with the Peninsulares. Creole patriots (as opposed to the royalists) were attracted to the idea of independence and thought of themselves as Latin Americans, not as Spaniards. Despite having been born and raised in a Spanish viceroyalty to Spanish parents, they were culturally connected to Latin America. Situated at the interface of both identities, creole patriots considered themselves descendants of, but different from, the Spanish.

Explanation:

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2 years ago

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