<span>Let's consider a scenario in which the resting membrane potential changes from −70 mV to +70 mV, but the concentrations of all ions in the intracellular and extracellular fluids are unchanged. Predict how this change in membrane potential affects the movement of Na+. The electrical gradient for Na+ would tend to move Na+ Outside the cell (extracellular) while the chemical gradient for Na+ would tend to move Na+ Inside the cell (intracellular).
The electrical gradient is defined as the + goes to the - and the - goes to the +
Na + has a positive charge, but there's more positive charge inside the cell than outside (due to potassium), therefore, Na+ goes extracellular (out)
The concentration gradient considers that the ion will go from the most concentrated to at least concentrated by passive diffusion so no trans-membrane proteins in the game attention.Na + is very concentrated in extracellular and few intracellular, therefore, it tends to go intracellular (in).</span>
<span>A: food chain
</span><span>In many functions of a living organism, it cannot make its own energy. It uses energy from its environment, retrieves and converts into a usable and edible matter. Organisms that can do this process is the autotrophs, they can facilitate photosynthesis which they gather energy from the sun, water and carbon dioxide in order to create energy by then, the transfer of this energy to other organism is played by the food chain –food web. </span>
Bulb is the answer because they are very short underground stem encased in thickened fleshy bulb scale.This scale help to store food
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