It's the bottom one, the establishment of the Supreme Court.
King George refused to approve laws that would establish judiciary powers which is the power of of a court to do what courts do (settle controversies, pronounce judgements etc) which in turn took away certain rights of the people so that is why the Supreme Court was established to give and assure people those denied rights.
Answer:
Surplus Resources
Industrialization and Commercialization
Development of Transport and Communication
Explanation:
I world say the answer is between 400 and 200 BCE
The Sierra Nevada is the mountain range that is between the Central Valley depression and the Basin and Range Provice