You already put the answer soooo
I think it is #1. I am assuming this is the Revolution that they are talking about.
The main way in which the Republicans and Radical Republicans differed over the issue of Reconstruction is that "<span>Radical Republicans wanted to see the South punished, while Republicans supported Lincoln’s plan," since the Radicals had very little sympathy for the South after the war ended. </span>
<em>One of the most infamous of these political machines was Tammany Hall, the Democratic Party machine that played a major role in controlling New York City and New York politics and helping immigrants, most notably the Irish, rise up in American politics from the 1790s to the 1960s.</em>
<em>A political machine is a political group in which an authoritative boss or small group commands the support of a corps of supporters and businesses (usually campaign workers)</em>
