During photosynthesis, the energy used to pump protons comes from ______light_____, whereas in cellular respiration it comes from ______NADH/FADH₂_______.
<h3>What are the steps in photosynthesis?</h3>
- The first step in photosynthesis is the absorption of light by chlorophyll bound to chloroplast thylakoid proteins. The absorbed light energy is used to remove electrons from electron donors such as water to form oxygen.
- The electrons are then transferred to the primary electron acceptor, quinine (Q.). Electrons are further transferred from the primary electron acceptor to the final electron acceptor (usually NADP⁺).
- Proton transfer from the thylakoid lumen to the stroma via the F₀F₁ complex generates ATP from ADP and Pi.
- The NADP and ATP produced in steps 2 and 3 provide the energy, and the electrons power the process of reducing the carbon to a six-carbon sugar molecule.
The first three steps of photosynthesis, are directly dependent on light energy and are thus, called light reactions, while the reactions in the last step are independent of light and thus are termed dark reactions.
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Answer:
because it is hard to breakdown fat in a very short time while ATP can be broken down in a very short time.Fats have a very strong bond of molecular chains and this makes it hard to breakdown quickly
• The kingdom PROTISTA includes autotrophic and heterotrophic, unicellular and multicellular organisms.
• The most specific taxonomic level is SPECIES
• The characteristic of all living things is PRODUCE OFFSPRING BY MEANS OF SEXUAL REPRODUCTION
• In 1990 —> SOME ORGANISMS WHICH WERE PREVIOUSLY CHARACTERIZED TOGETHER WERE DETERMINED TO BE GENETICALLY VERY DIFFERENT
• a virus is not living because it does not have —> GENETIC MATERIAL
• An amoeba, oak tree, squirrel, and mildew are classified in the same —> DOMAIN
* for the rest of the questions, im assuming there’s a picture, could you provide one?*
Answer:
B) 1/2 X 1/2 = 1/4
Explanation:
It happens when both the parents are heterozygous for the trait. The cross related to this result is shown as under:
Father Mother
Bb x Bb
/ \ / \
Gametes: B b B b
| | | |
Probability: 1/2 1/2 1/2 1/2
The probability of formation of 'b' gamete from father is 1/2 because there are only two gametes 'B' and 'b' and out of these two one will be assorted as 'B' and another one as 'b' and from mother also the probability of formation of 'b' gamete is 1/2.
Now the assortment of gametes with each other is an independent event i.e. any gamete from father can fuse with any gamete of mother so the overall probability of formation of 'bb' genotype will be 1/2 x 1/2 = 1/4.