Non-alignment was a policy developed by emerging 3rd world leaders in the 1950's. It was an attempt to avoid being particularly aligned with either of the two superpowers, the USA and Soviet Union in the context of The Cold War.
Countries such as Pakistan and India, along with others such as Ghana and Indonesia sought to play off both superpowers against each other as the Americans and Soviets sought to court these emerging countries in areas such as economic relations and strategic bases.
Hamilton and the Federalists wanted a strong central government, run by well-educated property owners. Jefferson and the Democratic-Republicans wanted most power to stay with the states and wanted the farmers and the 'common man' to run the nation.
