This time period is the Gothic era of architecture (12th to 16th centuries), which originated in medieval France.
This movement was started by the Capetian dynasty in the Paris area, who built new cathedrals and basilicae as expressions of their power and religious faith. French kings at the time believed that monarchy represented God on earth, and the exaggerated features of Gothic churches such as Notre Dame de Paris were meant to represent divine gandeur.
They’ll have to face the same challenges.
Answer:
colonialism
conquistadors
mita
private property
joint-stock
dividends
tobacco
capitalism
Answers may vary. A good answer would include 4–5 sentences explaining how European colonialism affected indigenous populations by spreading disease, converting people to Christianity, building trade monopolies, requiring people to work in slave-like conditions, and so on. Answers should include explanations of examples from the reading to back up all claims.
Answers may vary. Good answers would show an understanding of various factors that led to the development of capitalism and colonialism. For example, the increased trade as part of colonialism led to a more affluent middle class, which was in favor of a capitalist system. The risks involved with traveling overseas and establishing colonies also led people to invest in joint-stock companies, which were a new business development that would lead to capitalism's rise. Also, one might argue that the ideas of capitalism—making wealth through trade, profit, and investment—helped colonialism develop and motivated people to want to gain more resources.
Explanation: