It is a metaphor for resource distribution proposed by the ecologist Garrett Hardin in 1974.
Takes up for what he or she person does
You didn't provide examples, but sound reasoning is when you use logically sound thinking and combine it with factual knowledge. These two combined create a sound argument.
Begin each entry flush with the left margin; indent all following lines one-half inch.
hope this helps x
extremely brutal because of the fact this if you stole something your hand or fingers were cut off