Ethos.
As in appeal to ethics. It can't be logos because that is for logic and the other because those are literary devices, not appeals.
The <u>direct explanation</u> context clue occurs when a single word seems to include or to describe a whole situation.This lets the reader know more about the whole situation.
Which novel? Tell me so I can edit my answer and help you
.
I’ll answer when the story is actually provided
