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may not be as dramatic as they were in the past as the situation today does not favour the evolution of a new human species. ... our brains are now the smallest they have been at any time in the past 100,000 years. ... from the hard driving snow typical in these regions, and also to reduce snow glare.
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The relationship between environment, variation and selection lay the foundation for natural selection and evolution.
Genetic variations are present among species due to number of reasons like recombination or crossing over during meiosis, mutations, random fertilization etc. These factors bring changes among the members of a species. Some of the species become better adapted to survive in a particular environment whereas some are not better adapted and become extinct over a period of time. The environment selects the organisms that are best adapted to survive and hence lead to variations.
(D) It is especially important to protect biodiversity hot spots.
<h3>What is Biodiversity?</h3>
The variety and variability of life on Earth is referred to as biodiversity or biological diversity. A measure of variety at the genetic (genetic variability), species (species diversity), and environmental (ecosystem diversity) levels is called biodiversity.
Because of the warm environment and high primary productivity in the area close to the equator, the tropics typically have higher levels of biodiversity than other parts of the planet. Less than 10% of the earth's surface is occupied by these tropical forest ecosystems, which are home to 90% of all species. The mid-latitudinal belt of all oceans and the shores of the Western Pacific, where the sea surface temperature is highest, typically have higher levels of marine biodiversity. The variety of species exhibits latitudinal variations.
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Genetics is a branch of biology concerned with the study of genes, genetic variation, and heredity in organisms. Gregor Mendel, a scientist and Augustinian friar, discovered genetics in the late 19th-century. Mendel studied "trait inheritance", patterns in the way traits are handed down from parents to offspring.
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