Answer:Recall that the glycolytic pathway generates NADH in the cytosol in the oxidation of glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate, and NAD+ must be regenerated for glycolysis to continue. How is cytosolic NADH reoxidized under aerobic conditions? NADH cannot simply pass into mitochondria for oxidation by the respiratory chain, because the inner mitochondrial membrane is impermeable to NADH and NAD+. The solution is that electrons from NADH, rather than NADH itself, are carried across the mitochondrial membrane. One of several means of introducing electrons from NADH into the electron transport chain is the glycerol 3-phosphate shuttle (Figure 18.37). The first step in this shuttle is the transfer of a pair of electrons from NADH to dihydroxyacetone phosphate, a glycolytic intermediate, to form glycerol 3-phosphate.This reaction is catalyzed by a glycerol 3-phosphate dehydrogenase in the cytosol. Glycerol 3-phosphate is reoxidized to dihydroxyacetone phosphate on the outer surface of the inner mitochondrial membrane by a membrane-bound isozyme of glycerol 3-phosphate dehydrogenase. An electron pair from glycerol 3-phosphate is transferred to a FAD prosthetic group in this enzyme to form FADH2. This reaction also regenerates dihydroxyacetone phosphate.
Explanation:
The body does not require any added sugar to stay healthy. Hunters/gatherers and our ancestors consumed fruits and milk that are natural sugar to obtain energy.
<h3>What is the difference between added sugar and natural sugar?</h3>
- Natural sugars are found in unprocessed food such as fruits and milk.
- Fruits contain fructose and milk contains lactose.
- On the other hand, added sugars are the artificial sweeteners that we often add to our daily diet in the form of white sugars and caloric sweeteners.
- From the perspective of health, it is always better to opt for natural sugar that keeps our body stable energy and stable metabolism.
- Added sugars are harmful when consumed in higher quantities.
Hence, added sugar is not necessary for our health when we have learned that aerobic cellular respiration uses glucose as a fuel source that can be obtained from natural sugar.
To learn more about natural sugars refer:
brainly.com/question/1723985
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1. Cells divide because they can create more DNA.
2. Our cells will get to large