I think the correct answer from the choices listed above the first option. In a polar covalent bond, the distribution of common electrons are <span>not shared evenly due to a greater positive charge from one atom’s nucleus. Hope this answers the question. Have a nice day.</span>
Plasmid or vector transformation is the process by which exogenous DNA is transferred into the host cell. Transformation usually implies uptake of DNA into bacterial, yeast or plant cells, while transfection is a term usually reserved for mammalian cells.
The three main stages of cellular respiration (aerobic) would include Glycolysis, the Kreb's Cycle and the Electron Transport Chain. The Krebs Cycle takes Citric Acid which is a derivative of Pyruvic Acid and converts this through 4 cycles into Hydrogen, carbon dioxide and water in the Mitochondrial Matrix.
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Common examples of physical contaminants include hair, bandages, fingernails, jewelry, broken glass, metal, paint flakes, bone, the body parts of pests, or pest droppings.
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