I think these factors affect cultural change because it affects the way people live their lives. In the past, trade is one of the ways how people learn to barter and introduce their culture to other nations. Through trade, people were able to experience the food and products of the people from the other side of the world. While war affects culture in a way where people believe that their culture is superior compared to other culture.
The answer is 0.47 or 47%.
Let's first distinguish some terms and their frequencies.
R - the dominant allele that causes red eyes
r - the recessive allele that causes green eyes
Since R is dominant over r, lizards with at least one dominant R allele will have red eyes. Therefore, the genotypes and the phenotypes are as following:
genotypes - phenotypes
RR - the lizards with red eyes
Rr - the lizards with red eyes
rr - the lizards with green eyes
Now, we will use some Hardy-Weinberg equations:
p + q = 1
p² + 2pq + q² = 1
where:
p - the frequency of dominant allele R
q - the frequency of recessive allele r
p² - the frequency of lizards with genotype RR
2pq - the frequency of lizards with genotype Rr
q² - the frequency of lizards with genotype <span>rr
</span>
We are interested in <span>the frequency p of the dominant R allele.
</span>So, we have the frequency (72%) of the lizards that have red eyes. However, lizards with genotypes RR and Rr will have red eyes. Since their frequencies are p² and 2pq, respectively, we have:
p² and 2pq = 72% = 72/100 = 0.72
Now, use this in the equation p² + 2pq + q² = 1:
0.72 + q² = 1
q² = 1 - 0.72 = 0.28
From here, we will calculate q and later p using the formula p + q = 1:
q² = 0.28
q = √0.28 = 0.53
p + q = 1
p + 0.53 = 1
p = 1 - 0.53
p = 0.47
Answer:
If more trees grew, the darker coloring of frogs would be more likely to survive. If the trees were cut down, the lighter variation of frogs would be more likely to survive.
Explanation:
Darker colored frogs would be harder to spot in the shade of the trees and survive and through natural selection, their genes would pass on. Same thing applies to the lighter colored frogs without the shade of the trees.
“Biomagnification or biological magnification is the process of accumulation of certain chemicals in living organisms to a concentration higher than that occurring in the inorganic, non-living environment.”
Human beings occupies the top place of most trophic level and we know that concentration of harmful chemicals increase as we go above the trophic level. Therefore human beings are most adversely affected by biological magnification.
Humans may also be affected due to the consumption of fish and shellfish.