Answer:
The alarm reaction stage
Explanation:
According to Selye, there are three stages of reaction to stress conditions. These are namely the alarm reaction stage, the resistance stage, and the exhaustion stage.
The alarm reaction stage is the first stage of stress reactions which includes perception of stress conditions. The hypothalamus sends signals to the associated glands and organs to prepare for the defensive responses.
The adrenal gland receives a signal to secrete the stress hormones while organs such as the liver are signaled to increase the glucose formation which in turn would serve as fuel during stress conditions.
Answer:
The answer is: a. Climacteric
Explanation:
Climacteric is the time in the midlife of a woman that starts with the diminution in ovarian activity (less production of estrogen and progesterone) until the end of ovarian function. It is the compilation of gradual changes of ovarian function that happen before the menopause (cessation of menses) and continue for a while.
The phases of the climacteric are pre-menopause, menopause and post-menopause. During the pre-menopause, hormonal changes will take place, there is a decrease in estrogen and progesterone production.
Following the requirement of question I have attached a picture of phylogenetic tree.
Here is the source publication PNAS June 26, 2012 109 (26) 10293-10297
Zooplankton eat algae. this is an exampke of a feeding stage or trophic level
