Washington's concerns about political parties appear prophetic in today's climate. Political parties were initially thought to provide options for people. Today while they do offer choices, they appear to divide us more than bring us together. Compromising is seen as a weakness. Instead of coming together to find the best course for most people, they fight and bicker until a temporary deal is made that tends to benefit only a few. Washington feared the dividing of the nation by political parties. He saw this divide rip apart his own cabinet (Jefferson versus Hamilton) until Jefferson quit.
John Winthrop claimed that an authority is not very important. He said that being called by you, we have our authority from god. If people disagree this, it occur divine vengeance. He intended that he who was a proconsul want to construct efficient order system. Also, he thought that when humans get free in society, personal free was sacrificed for social free. He tried to suppress personal free because of danger of social free.