Answer:
Given:
Number of colonies on plate = 40
Amount of DNA used for transformation = 100ng
Volume of competent cells used = 100ul
Total volume = 1ml (1000ul)
Volume plated for growth = 200ul
The amount of cells transformed per 1 µg of DNA is called the transformation efficiency
(CFU is colony forming units) => (number of colonies on plate/ng of DNA plated) X 1000 ng/µg = CFU/µg of DNA
Amount of DNA used for plating = 100ng * (200/1000)
= 100ng * (1/5)
= 100/5 = 20ng
Efficiency calculation = 40 colonies / 20ng = 2 colonies/ng
(2 colonies/ng) * (1000 ng/µg) = 2000 CFU/ug DNA
Transformation efficiency = 2000 Transformants / ug DNA
= 2 x 10³ Transformants / ug DNA
Explanation:
Efficiency of transformation is highest in the 100 pg-1 ng range, so Low transformation efficiency could be because of high amount of DNA used for transformation.
Answer:
Show that life can only come from life (rather than spontaneous generation)
Explanation:
Pasteur boiled a broth in a flask with an S-shaped neck. Thebend in the neck prevented particles from the air reaching the broth, but still allowed air to get in. No bacteria grew in the flask.
When the flask neck was broken so that particles could get inside, the broth became cloudy, showing that microorganisms were only able to grow from other living things from the outside, and not spontaneously from nothing
Answer:
The culture might not be stained properly or the culture might be too old.
Explanation:
Gram staining is done to differentiate between gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria according to the difference in their cell wall. In gram staining, the gram-positive bacteria appears violet and gram-negative bacteria appear pink in color.
Therefore if a pure culture contains have both red and purple cocci that it can be concluded that the gram stating was not done properly like too much destaining was done or too much safranin was used or maybe the culture is too old so that cell wall of some bacteria degrades.
Answer: Option A, B and D are correct.
Explanation:
ATP or adenosine triphosphate can be defined as the high energy molecules that is used by all the living organism.
This molecule is released by the combustion of carbohydrates in the presence of oxygen.
The energy is stored in the phosphate bonds and adenosine triphosphate contains 3 phosphate molecules.
Answer:
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Explanation:
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