Some reviewers analyze the story literally instead of searching for symbolic significance. A literal interpretation suggests that Gogol's story is about the importance of olfactory perception, which is obscured in Western society by a focus on vision and appearance.[4] This interpretation is consistent with Gogol's belief that the nose is the most important part of a person's anatomy.[5] Major Kovalyov obsesses over his appearance, cleanliness, and rank. His behavior reflects the influence of vision-oriented Western culture that emphasizes deodorization and hygiene.[4] And yet, he is deeply upset when he loses his nose, which shows that olfactory sensation is still important despite Western influence.
