When someone makes reference to a familiar story or cultural reference, such as Ulysses and Achilles from Homer's "The Odyssey", it is considered an allusion.
There were several problems that the Church faced during
this period. There was the Black Death
which ravaged Europe and caused the deaths of thousands of people. There was the transfer of the Papal Seat from
Italy to Avignon, France that gave an indication that the French now had power
of over the Papal Seat. This led to
elections of various popes known as the Great Schism where there was now
conflict within the Church.
The first one is provoked and the second one is sonic. I think. Let me know if that’s not right