An income tax is a tax imposed on individuals or entities (taxpayers) that varies with the income or profits (taxable income) of the taxpayer. Details vary widely by jurisdiction.
<span>The
legal principal which Marbury stated was that he argued that Section 13
of the Judiciary Act of 1789 gave the Supreme Court authority to issue a
writ of mandamus under its original jurisdiction, its power to hear and
decide such a case for the first time. which was his hope of winning
the case.
</span>
The supreme court introduced a two-part test, known as the "Sherbert" test (or balancing test) to determine whether the government was violating an individual's "free exercise" of religion.
The Sherbert test guarantees that government doesn't take unjustified activities that obstruct a man's religious flexibility. The United States court framework has embraced the Sherbert test to decide whether the legislature has fittingly allowed or denied joblessness benefits in light of the job one's religion had in his or her job loss.
The test causes the courts to decide whether the individual's case of having a true religious conviction is exact and if the administration's activities load a man's capacity to follow up on his or her convictions. Moreover, the test requires the administration to decide whether it has acted to the state's advantage and on the off chance that it has done as such in a way that is slightest prohibitive to a man's religion.
Answer:
Intergenerational mobility.
Explanation:
Intergenerational mobility refers to the changes in social status between different generations within the same family, this type of mobility permits new generations to have better opportunities than the ones that their ancestors had and change their social status.
In this example Carlos' grandfather was an agricultural worker, Carlos' father worked as a clerk and because of their efforts, Carlos' is now able to graduate from college and medical school. We can see how Carlos' family has gone through changes in social status thanks to the efforts and opportunities they created.
Thus, this is an example of intergenerational mobility.
