Pope Urban ll made the decision to launch the first crusade in 1095. He achieved this by giving a public speech in which he accused the Muslims of many atrocities against the Christians who were living in Jerusalem. One reason, why the Pope decided to launch the first crusade was that, the Byzanthine Emperor has written him a letter asking him for help against the Muslims. The Pope may have made this decision too in order to increase his papacy influence.
The people were enslaved by the imperial forces on their own native land, the land was stripped of its natural resources, cultural practices in Africa were disrupted due to the Berlin conference civilizing the distribution of African land between European powers
Don't Take The 14th Amendment For Granted. Originally enacted to protect blacks from inequality and violence after the Civil War, the 14th Amendment prohibits states from depriving persons of "life, liberty, or property" unfairly (i.e., without due process) and from denying any person "equal protection of the laws
Mound builders
Hope that helps
