The statement shows the theme that Balboa was a great explorer. This also introduces the theme that the new world was being dominated by Spain. These two themes are related because Balboa was a Spanish explorer, so his success in the new world meant the success of Spain.
You have not shown the book this question refers to. This prevents me from giving you a very specific answer. However, from the context of your question, it is possible to see that you are referring to a text that talks about Vasco Núñez de Balboa.
Following this context, it is possible to inform that:
- Vasco Núñez de Balboa was a Spanish explorer.
- he was very influential in Latin America as he conquered great territory for the Spanish crown.
- This allowed Spain to exploit the riches of Latin America and establish many colonies, strengthening the Spanish crown.
In this case, the sentence “As he moves, the shadow of Spain moves with him” reinforces the theme of the success of Balboa's work as a Spanish explorer.
The regions that he explored, became the Spanish domain, allowing Spain to dominate a large part of Latin America and conquer all the riches present in that place.
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