In Osaka, Japan and it's in the 18th centenary
hope this helps!
Answer: The topic sentence
Explanation: If the text is properly written, the topic sentence should either be at the beginning of the paragraph/text, or the end, if it is a short text; for things like the heading or title; words in special print; repeated words; things reiterated by pronouns; or ideas being suggested.
Outflow is the answer assuming that the underlined word is influx.
I feel its becaus ehe was calm and posotive about it