Answer:
a. Proximal convoluted tubule is responsible for reabsorbing most part of the ultrafiltrate. This means that at this level, substances like glucose and amino-acids are reabsorbed almost completely throughout this tube. Other substances, like potassium and bicarbonate are also reabsorbed in a big percentage here.
Also depending on the organism needs to keep the water balance, sodium, chloride and water are reabsorbed partly.
b. If the glucose transport is exceeded in the PCT, glucose will pass to the filtrate. Given the fact that glucose is osmotically active, high concentrations of glucose not being reabsorbed will consequently 'drag' water along. This situation ends up in an increase urine volume.
When diabetes mellitus is not controlled, patients will experience high volume of urine. Meaning they feel the need to go to the toilet very often. Also there is presence of glucose in the urine, which is normally not there.
c. The nephron loop is designed so the urine can be concentrated, saving water. The TCP is connected to the descending limb of the nephron loop, which is very permeable to water but not to other solutes like ions and urea. Then the following ascending limb of the loop, is not permeable at all to water, but ions can be reabsorber, especially cations. Therefore in a non pathological situation. This mechanism enables the production of concentrated urine when needed to save water and more diluted urine if there was a need to excrete water.
Answer:
The correct answer is e) Collecting duct, aldosterone, vasopressin
Explanation:
ADH( antidiuretic hormone) is called vasopressin formed by the hypothalamus gland and released when the body is under stress of shortage of water.
This hormone binds to the water channel receptors present in the collecting duct and opens them. Then the water is released in the interstitial space and returns to the blood by reabsorption.
Decrease in the blood flow results in the release of aldosterone which regulates the blood pressure by absorbing the water and sodium ions from the collecting duct increasing blood volume and osmolarity.
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Answer:
D. Parathyroid
Explanation:
The parathyroid is localized on the back of the thyroid gland. Due to their location, in a thyroidectomy, both the thyroid and the parathyroid glands are removed.
Answer:
The parts of the urinary system are kidney, ureter, bladder and urethra.
Explanation:
Urinary system is also known as the renal system. The urinary system is important to excrete out waste products from the body and maintains the balance of ions and pH in the body.
The parts of the urinary system are as follows:
Kidney: The kidney is present in pairs, one on each side. The functional unit of the kidney is nephron. The formation of urine occurs in the kidney.
Ureter: The urine formed in the kidney then pass to the urinary bladder through ureter. Ureter connects the kidney with the bladder.
Bladder: The main function of the bladder is the storage of urine.
Urethra: The urine stored in the bladder is expel out from the body by the urethra.
