The Spartans emphasized military training because in general, they were a nation of soldiers. They were built and raised as warriors because the Spartans prided themselves as heroes that were extremely strong and extremely fierce in battle. Because of their strong military background, they developed a military culture that was brought down to each of the descendants of Sparta. Even since birth, Spartans already learned the ways of the warrior.
They are not considered polytheists, rather than pantheistics. Because aren't all their gods just different forms of one single power
This excluded a majority of the population: slaves, freed slaves, children, women and metics (foreigners resident in Athens). The women had limited rights and privileges, had restricted movement in public, and were very segregated from the men.
Well some rivers in Europe are used to transport goods. Sometime people even travel on them. River also can provide power.
