Name a process in plants that uses oxygen. Compare the raw materials and products of this process with those of photosynthesis
1 answer:
Answer:
Cellular respiration uses oxygen. Comparisons below in explanation.
Explanation:
Plants do both photosynthesis and cellular respiration. They make their own food (photosynthesis) and break it down to make energy (cellular respiration). Cellular respiration uses oxygen, while photosynthesis doesn't (it is a product).
Photosynthesis has this as its general chemical equation:
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Cellular respiration has this as its general chemical equation:
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As you can see, the raw materials of cellular respiration (glucose and oxygen) are the products of photosynthesis. The products of cellular respiration (carbon dioxide and water) are the raw materials used in photosynthesis.
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1. The Punnett square should be laid down in a table of two entries. On the top entry, the possible alleles of one of the parents, and on the other entry, the possible alleles of the other parent, which will be the same as both have the same genotype. The possible alleles for both parents would be: DC, Dc, dC, and dc. On the actual table's body, all alleles should be crossed from one entry and the other obtaining the possible genotypes of the offspring and their proportions, and, therefore, the possible phenotypes and their proportions.
2. By the Punnett square (attached is an example of it), we are able to identify that all possible genotypes have a 1/8 likelihood to happen, besides the genotypes that are homozygous for both alleles (whether dominant or recessive on both traits, or dominant on one trait and recessive on the other) which have a 1/16 likelihood to happen, and those that are equal to the parents (dihybrid) with a 1/4 likelihood to happen.
DDCC, 1/16; DDCc, 1/8; DdCC, 1/8; DDcc, 1/16; DdCc, 1/4; Ddcc, 1/8; ddCC, 1/16; ddCc, 1/8; ddcc, 1/16.
3. Dark and curly hair corresponds to 9/16 of all the offspring. These traits are dominant, and, therefore, are the ones that are present depending solely on the presence of one dominant allele on each trait.
Dark and smooth hair have a likelihood of 3/16 - all those that are homozygous recessive for smooth hair but still have, at least, one dominant allele for dark hair.
Light and curly hair have a likelihood of 3/16 - all those that are homozygous recessive for light hair but still have, at least, one dominant allele for curly hair.
Light and smooth hair have a 1/16 likelihood to occur, which corresponds to the only possible full homozygous recessive genotype.
2. By the Punnett square (attached is an example of it), we are able to identify that all possible genotypes have a 1/8 likelihood to happen, besides the genotypes that are homozygous for both alleles (whether dominant or recessive on both traits, or dominant on one trait and recessive on the other) which have a 1/16 likelihood to happen, and those that are equal to the parents (dihybrid) with a 1/4 likelihood to happen.
DDCC, 1/16; DDCc, 1/8; DdCC, 1/8; DDcc, 1/16; DdCc, 1/4; Ddcc, 1/8; ddCC, 1/16; ddCc, 1/8; ddcc, 1/16.
3. Dark and curly hair corresponds to 9/16 of all the offspring. These traits are dominant, and, therefore, are the ones that are present depending solely on the presence of one dominant allele on each trait.
Dark and smooth hair have a likelihood of 3/16 - all those that are homozygous recessive for smooth hair but still have, at least, one dominant allele for dark hair.
Light and curly hair have a likelihood of 3/16 - all those that are homozygous recessive for light hair but still have, at least, one dominant allele for curly hair.
Light and smooth hair have a 1/16 likelihood to occur, which corresponds to the only possible full homozygous recessive genotype.
Complete question:
You will find the pedigree in the attached files
Answer:
The correct option is C) <em>maternal mitochondrial mutations are inherited by </em><u><em>all of a mother's offspring</em></u><em>.</em>
Explanation:
Mitochondrial inheritance is one of the ways in which a disease or a trait might be inherited from the maternal line.
Most of the DNI is located in the nucleus, but there is also DNI in mitochondria. Sperm cells hardly carry mitochondria, so mitochondrial DNI is mostly inherited from the maternal side. If there exists any mutation in this DNI, the whole progeny of the mutated woman will be affected, as they will get the mother´s mitochondria carrying the mutation. On the contrary, if there is a man affected by a disease caused by a mutation in mitochondrial DNI, non of their descendants will get the disease.
<em>In the exposed pedigree, we can see that the mother is affected by the disease, but the couple had two daughters, and only one of them was affected, while the other one was not. This tells us that the mutation occurred on a nuclear chromosome. If the mutated allele was in mitochondria, both daughters would be affected. </em>
