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The third line of defence against pathogenic invasion is the adaptive immune response, which has two key qualities: It is specific (it can differentiate between specific microorganisms and respond accordingly) It is adaptive (it can produce a heightened response upon re-exposure - in other words, it has memory)
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Answer: Plant cells have a cell wall, chloroplasts and other specialized plastids, and a large central vacuole, which are not found within animal cells.
It affects the layers of the earth the ozone layer which protects us from the sun can't protect very good. Which increases the tempature here on earth.
The presence of the minute growth near the disc signifies that the bacterial innoculum contains mutant microorganisms that are able to grow in the presence of toxic substances.
<h3>What are zones of inhibition?</h3>
The sensitivity testing in a microbiology laboratory is done to determine the effect of antibiotics on various bacteria organisms
The zone of inhibition when a disk method is used signifies the area of media where bacteria are unable to grow, due to presence of a drug that impedes their growth.
If there are presence of minute growth near the disc, it means that the bacterial innoculum contains mutant microorganisms that are able to grow in the presence of toxic substances such as disinfectants.
If these mutant bacteria organisms are not cleared by the disk method, it means that they cannot be killed by the disinfectant/antiseptics that is being tested.
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