Hello there.
The Council of Trent was called to Reaffirm the Catholic Church's teachings.
I think the death penalty is perfectly fine but it depends on the situation. If a persons robs a house or a store then they shouldn't get the death penalty but if they kill someone, they should be returned the favor. Once a murderer, always a murderer.
Germany wanted to build up her empire. This is known as imperialism.
The colonist were unhappy because they were passed in Englade but not in their own colonial governments.
