The answer is A: direct questions to the audience to encourage participation.
There are many ways that the speaker uses to demonstrate his or her interest and interation with the audience such as eye-contact, tone of voice etc. However, <em>directing questions is the most effective way to involve the audience</em> which helps them feel <em>more than mere spectators</em>, <em>specially if is allowed time for them to answer followed by some recognition for their contribution.</em>
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