Property rights. The rapid growth of cities has led to government transfers of rural land to urban and industrial uses. Inadequate compensation to farmers whose property rights have been poorly defined has fueled growing civil unrest, while urban leaseholders seek to strengthen their new property rights.
Property tax implementation. Recent tax reform has reduced local government revenues and prompted local officials to rely on land sales receipts, fees, and off-budget revenues to finance government expenditures. China’s government is seeking to implement a property tax as a local revenue source to take advantage of the rapid growth of the real estate market.
Farmland preservation. The large amount of land removed from agricultural production by the complex forces of urbanization has exacerbated concerns about farmland preservation, especially related to food security.
Urban planning and development. Rapid urbanization has also resulted in increased urban poverty, housing affordability problems, inequality between urban and rural population groups, regional disparities, and other social and economic challenges. China’s urban planning practices are in need of reform to better reflect market forces and economic behavior.
Environmental sustainability. China’s economic and demographic changes over the past 30 years have been associated with severe environmental degradation. With rapid urbanization forecast over the next decade, there is growing consensus that China must find a more sustainable development model. More sustainable cities are integral to any low-carbon development trajectory.
New Guinea is administratively divided into two parts: its western half comprises the Indonesian propinsi (or provinsi; provinces) of Papua and West Papua (collectively, formerly called Irian Jaya); and its eastern half comprises the major part of Papua New Guinea, an independent country since 1975.
Answer:
Outsourcing in this instance means that foreign organisations and clients contract Indian workers to obtain the products or services that they seek.
Explanation:
Western countries have increasingly been hiring workers in India to remotely provide services for them. For instance, several western technology companies hire workers in India to run a call center for customer service and support. India's economy is benefiting from outsourcing as it is rampant in India and it has created many new jobs for Indians.
The Galapagos Islands are famous because it is where Charles Darwin discovered many previously unknown species of animals and inspired him to create the theories of natural selection, survival of the fittest, and evolution.
Factors increasing erosion
Coastal erosion: the strength of the waves breaking along the coastline. Bigger, stronger waves have more erosive power.
Abrasion - rocks carried along by the river wear down the river bed and banks.
Attrition - rocks being carried by the river smash together and break into smaller, smoother and rounder particles.
