All answers are correct which is number 4. When you have shortened, rephrased, or cited other people's work, it is vital that the basis of that info be specified. Using other peoples' arguments and thoughts is a normal exercise in advanced writing: it helps give power to your opinions; it helps show that you are acquainted with the argument which environs your subject; it gives penetration and diversity to your paper.
The answer is 4, they are 3D instead of flat :)
Byzantine empire and its art spanned more than a millennium and penetrated geographic regions far from its capital in Constantinople.
I believe the answer is Flemish.
