The term used to describe how to measure how reflective the surface is, is the surface albedo. Surface albedo represents the ratio of irradiance reflected to the irradiance recieved by a surface. The proportion reflected is not only determined by properties of the surface itself, but also by the spectral and angular distribution of a solar radiation reaching the Earth's surface.
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Tides have an effect on the waves and the moon has to do with both.
The Aral Sea has shrunk in size because of heavy irrigation. The correct option among all the options that are given in the question is the third option or option "C". The Soviets used the river waters feeding the Aral sea for the purpose of cotton plantation and this destroyed the Aral Sea.
