The Townshend acts were made it easier to collect taxes. However this was a bit invasive to privacy.
They travelled great distances by sea.
National unions differed from local unions in that national unions represented the interests of laborers and workers from all over the country, as opposed to a specific region.
Depending on which country you talk about it's either the Civil law, as in many European countries, where there are pre-written rules or common law where the decisions are made while judging cases - so UK and it's former colonies.