Answer:
B. 
Explanation:
it's the only one that doesn't make sense 
 
        
             
        
        
        
Answer:
The author was trying to convey the apathetic attitude of the rich towards the workingman.
Explanation:
The terms used by the author highlighted the negative ways the rich French class and the ruling class viewed the poor workingman. The term louts for example means an uncouth or aggressive person while the term Jack was used to describe the ordinary man who rendered services to the rich. 
The author's use of these terms would help the reader to see how lowly the government thought of the poor to the extent that they failed to consider them and were taken unawares at the peasants' revolt.
 
        
             
        
        
        
Answer:
in a way that is free from outside control or influence.
"the independently run museum receives no public funding"
without outside help; unaided.
"disabled people living independently in their own homes"
Hope this helps. :D